Glossary

Definitions for the terms that appear most often across Supanode documentation. Skim if a phrase is unfamiliar; click through for the page where the term is used in context.

A

Allowlist. A list of values explicitly permitted - other values are denied by default. On Supanode the term now applies mainly to ShredStream Raw, where the stream is pushed only to the destination IP you register.

aRPC. Older name for ShredStream Decoded - decoded raw shreds delivered via Yellowstone gRPC. Same product.

B

Bundle. Supanode's base data-access plans (RPC + WebSocket + gRPC). Authorized by an access token. See Plans.

Bundle tiers. Five tiers — STARTER (RPC + WebSocket, no gRPC), then FOCUS, BUILD, GROW, PROFESSIONAL (each adds more gRPC connections, WebSockets, and RPS). See Plans.

C

ClickHouse. The columnar database engine that powers Supanode's Indexer. Queryable via standard SQL over HTTPS.

Commitment level. How confirmed a piece of Solana data is. From least to most reliable: processed → confirmed → finalized. Trade off latency vs revert risk. See What's available (RPC).

Compute Units (CU). Solana's metric for transaction execution cost. Supanode mentions CU only to note it does not bill on it.

Credits. Pre-paid units that some providers bill against. Supanode doesn't use credits.

D

Dedicated Node. Your own private Solana RPC node with no shared rate limits. Custom quote. See Dedicated Node.

F

Fan-out. When a single subscription matches a huge number of accounts or transactions, generating heavy traffic. The Solana System Program is the classic fan-out source. Supanode blocks high-fan-out programs on shared gRPC plans - see Restrictions.

Finalized. Commitment level where the slot has been finalized by supermajority and cannot revert. ~13 seconds after confirmed.

G

Geyser. The Solana validator plugin interface that streams account, transaction, and slot updates directly out of a validator. Yellowstone is Triton's gRPC service built on the Geyser interface — the same "Yellowstone gRPC" Supanode exposes.

gRPC. Google's high-performance RPC framework. Supanode exposes Solana data via the Yellowstone gRPC interface. See gRPC.

I

Indexer. Supanode's decoded DEX-transaction database, queryable via SQL. $300/mo. See Indexer.

IP allowlist. Authentication method where access is granted to specific IP addresses. Bundle plans no longer use it - they authenticate by token. It still describes ShredStream Raw, which are pushed only to a registered destination IP.

J

Jito. A Solana validator client and bundle-engine ecosystem that provides priority transaction landing for tipping users. Supanode's TPU Sender routes through Jito's Bundle Engine in parallel with SWQoS.

L

Leader. The validator currently producing blocks. Solana's leader rotates every 4 slots. TPU Sender forwards transactions to the current leader through SWQoS for fastest landing.

M

MEV (Maximal Extractable Value). Profit captured by reordering, inserting, or excluding transactions in a block. HFT and arbitrage workloads pursue MEV. Supanode's unfiltered block streaming and ShredStream Raw products are designed for MEV-class use cases.

N

Nanosecond timestamp. The arrival time of a transaction at Supanode's Amsterdam shred receiver, captured at nanosecond resolution and exposed through the Indexer's tx_timestamps table (entry_timestamp, joined on slot and tx_idx). Used for MEV and microstructure analysis. See Nanosecond timestamps.

P

Processed. Lowest commitment level - the slot has been seen but might revert. Fastest, least reliable.

R

RPC. Solana's standard JSON-RPC interface for on-demand queries. See RPC.

RPS. Requests per second. The main Supanode rate-limit metric. Shared between RPC, WS subscribe/unsubscribe, and gRPC SubscribeRequest updates.

S

Shred. A small fragment of a Solana block. Validators distribute shreds via the Turbine protocol. Reading shreds at the source gives the lowest possible latency for new block data.

ShredStream Decoded. Raw shreds wrapped in the standard Yellowstone gRPC protocol - shred-level latency with familiar gRPC tooling. On the roadmap. Formerly called aRPC. See ShredStream Decoded.

ShredStream Raw. Top-of-Turbine UDP shred stream, delivered to one destination IP per subscription. $200/mo per IP, Frankfurt. See ShredStream Raw.

Slot. Solana's basic time unit. Roughly one slot every 400ms. Slots collect transactions into a block.

SOL. The native Solana cryptocurrency. Used for transaction fees and TPU Sender tips.

SPL token. A fungible token on Solana issued via the Token Program. Most DeFi tokens are SPL tokens.

Stake-weighted. A connection or routing decision where validators with more staked SOL get priority. SWQoS = Stake-Weighted Quality of Service - how TPU Sender routes directly to the active leader.

SWQoS. See Stake-weighted.

T

Tip. A System Program transfer from your transaction to a tip account. Required by TPU Sender to route through Jito's bundle auction. Minimum is 1,000,000 lamports (0.001 SOL). See Tips.

TPS. Transactions per second. Counts sendTransaction calls separately from RPS.

TPU. Transaction Processing Unit - the validator port that accepts transactions directly from clients. TPU Sender forwards to the current leader's TPU through SWQoS.

TPU Sender. Supanode's TPU forwarding service. Pay-per-transaction via tip - no monthly subscription. See TPU Sender.

Turbine. Solana's block propagation protocol. Validators distribute shreds via Turbine; Supanode reads shreds from this layer for ShredStream Raw.

U

Unfiltered block streaming. The full gRPC blocks stream with no account filter - every transaction in every block. Included in the PROFESSIONAL tier. See Unfiltered block streaming.

USDC / USDT. Stablecoins Supanode accepts as payment. Billing is crypto-only — SOL and ETH are also accepted.

W

WebSocket. Persistent two-way connection over ws:// or wss://. On Solana, WebSocket is used for subscription notifications (account changes, slot updates, etc.). See WebSocket.

X

x-token. HTTP header used to authenticate API requests. Bundle products (RPC, WebSocket, gRPC) and the Indexer both use it; on Bundle, Authorization: Bearer is accepted as an equivalent. TPU Sender uses no token; the tip on the transaction is the gate.

Y

Yellowstone gRPC. The open-source gRPC streaming standard for Solana, maintained by Triton One. Supanode's gRPC product implements this spec exactly. See the official Yellowstone repo.